Hinayana
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- It means ‘lesser path’
- They are true to the teachings of Buddha
- Its scriptures are in Pali.
- Doesn’t believe in idol worship
- Salvation through self-discipline and meditation
- It was patronized by Ashoka
Mahayana
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- It means ‘Greater path’
- Mahayana has two main philosophical schools – the Madhyamika & Yogachara.
- Its scriptures are in Sanskrit.
- It considers Buddha as God and worships idols of Buddhas & Bodhisattvas.
- Salvation can be attained by means of faith and devotion to the mindfulness of the Buddha. It believes in mantras.
Vajrayana
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- It means “Vehicle of Thunderbolt”.
- Established in Tibet in 11thCE
- It believes that salvation can be attained by acquiring magical powers called vajra.
- Much importance is given to the role of the guru called Lama who has mastered the philosophical and ritual traditions. There is a long lineage of lamas. The Dalai Lama is a well known Tibetan Lama.